Why Eggs Are Refrigerated in the US but Not Abroad
Eggs are a staple in many households around the world, but depending on where you live, how you store them may differ dramatically. While Americans are accustomed to finding eggs in the refrigerated section of grocery stores, many other countries store their eggs right on the shelf. So, do eggs really need to be refrigerated, or is there another way to keep them safe? Let's explore why eggs are refrigerated in some places and left at room temperature in others.
Why Do Eggs in the US Need to Be Refrigerated?
In the United States, and other countries such as Japan, Australia, and New Zealand, the refrigeration of eggs is not just a matter of preference; it's a food safety regulation. This all stems from the potential for Salmonella contamination, bacteria that can cause foodborne illness. Salmonella can either contaminate the inside of the egg as it forms in the hen's reproductive system or get on the eggshell from contact with feces during or after being laid.
To reduce the risk of Salmonella, the U.S. Department of Agriculture requires that eggs be washed and sanitized before they reach store shelves. While this washing process removes harmful bacteria, it also strips the egg of its natural protective layer, called the cuticle. Without the cuticle, the porous shell becomes more vulnerable to bacterial contamination, which is why refrigeration is necessary. The cold temperature helps slow down the growth of any bacteria that might make its way inside the egg.
Once eggs have been refrigerated, they must stay that way. Leaving refrigerated eggs at room temperature can cause condensation to form on the shell, allowing bacteria to enter through the pores. This makes refrigeration crucial for maintaining egg safety in the U.S.
Why Don't Other Countries Refrigerate Their Eggs?
Interestingly, many countries, particularly in Europe and parts of Asia, do not require eggs to be refrigerated. This difference in practice is largely due to how other nations tackle Salmonella. Instead of washing eggs, these countries leave the cuticle intact, allowing the natural protective layer to do its job. In addition, many European countries vaccinate hens against Salmonella, which further reduces the risk of contamination.
By not washing the eggs and keeping the cuticle intact, the eggs can be stored safely at room temperature. This is why, in countries like the U.K. or France, you'll find eggs sitting on shelves rather than in cold dairy cases. The eggs don't need refrigeration because their natural defenses against bacteria are still in place.
The Benefits of Refrigerating Eggs
While refrigeration isn't the only method for keeping eggs safe, it does have its advantages. For one, refrigerated eggs tend to last longer. In the U.S., eggs can stay fresh in the fridge for up to 15 weeks, which is a significant benefit for those who like to buy in bulk. In contrast, unrefrigerated eggs typically last around three weeks. This longer shelf life is particularly important in countries like the U.S., where eggs often travel long distances from farms to grocery stores.
When Should You Refrigerate Eggs?
If you live in the U.S., it's best to follow the guidelines and refrigerate your eggs as soon as you bring them home. Eggs should be stored in their original carton and placed in the coldest part of the fridge, not in the door, where temperatures can fluctuate. If you purchase eggs from a local farm or farmers market, it's a good idea to ask whether they've been washed. If they have, they should be refrigerated immediately.
However, if you find yourself traveling in Europe or other parts of the world, don't be surprised to see eggs out in the open. The methods used to produce and handle eggs in those countries allow for safe storage at room temperature.
References: Do Eggs Need to Be Refrigerated? | Why Does the U.S. Refrigerate Eggs When Much of the World Doesn't? | Do Eggs Really Need To Be Refrigerated?
